{"id":18991,"date":"2024-07-14T23:03:22","date_gmt":"2024-07-14T20:03:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/old.lexist.com.tr\/?p=18991"},"modified":"2026-06-15T10:54:30","modified_gmt":"2026-06-15T07:54:30","slug":"icerik-saglayicisinin-hukuki-sorumlulugu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lexist.com.tr\/tr\/yayinlar\/icerik-saglayicisinin-hukuki-sorumlulugu\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130\u00e7erik Sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Hukuki Sorumlulu\u011fu"},"content":{"rendered":"

I. \u0130\u00e7erik Sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 Kavram\u0131n\u0131n Tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131<\/h4><\/div>
1. \u0130\u00e7erik Sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 Kavram\u0131<\/h5><\/div>

5651 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunda i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekilde tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r: \u201c\u0130nternet ortam\u0131 \u00fczerinden kullan\u0131c\u0131lara sunulan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc bilgi veya veriyi \u00fcreten, de\u011fi\u015ftiren ve sa\u011flayan ger\u00e7ek veya t\u00fczel ki\u015fileri, \u2026 ifade eder.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0130\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131m\u0131 gere\u011fi kullan\u0131c\u0131lara sunulan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc verinin internet ortam\u0131nda yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Bu bak\u0131mdan internet ortam\u0131 kavram\u0131n\u0131n da tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131nda yarar bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u0130nternet ortam\u0131, 5651 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunda \u015fu \u015fekilde tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r: \u201cHaberle\u015fme ile ki\u015fisel veya kurumsal bilgisayar sistemleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan ve kamuya a\u00e7\u0131k olan internet \u00fczerinde olu\u015fturulan ortam\u0131, \u2026 ifade eder.\u201d Tan\u0131mdan anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, veri sunma eylemi, kamuya kapal\u0131 alanlarda veya ki\u015fisel-kurumsal bilgisayar sistemlerinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi halinde internet ortam\u0131 tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu yap\u0131lan tan\u0131m ve a\u00e7\u0131klamalardan anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, ba\u015fl\u0131ca i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131; sosyal medya \u00fczerinde yaz\u0131 yazan, payla\u015f\u0131mda bulunan ya da farkl\u0131 \u015fekillerde \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerle etkile\u015fimde bulunan ki\u015filer, ya da internet \u00fczerindeki bir oyun \u00fczerinden di\u011fer ki\u015filerle etkile\u015fime ge\u00e7en birisi, olarak \u00f6rneklendirilebilir. \u00d6nemli olan nokta, bir ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan bilgi \u00fcretimi, de\u011fi\u015ftirimi veya sa\u011flanmas\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi ve bu faaliyetin \u00f6zel alanlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan kamuya a\u00e7\u0131k platformlar \u00fczerinden yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Bask\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n bu y\u00f6nde oldu\u011fu bilinse de; sosyal medya kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlanamayaca\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde yakla\u015f\u0131mlar da mevcuttur. Yarg\u0131tay\u2019\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn de bask\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe yak\u0131n oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n<\/div>

2. \u0130\u00e7erik Sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 Kavram\u0131n\u0131n Benzer Kavramlardan Ayr\u0131lmas\u0131<\/h5><\/div>

\u0130nternet servis sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131, ki\u015filere internet kullan\u0131m\u0131 imkan\u0131 sa\u011flayan ger\u00e7ek veya t\u00fczel ki\u015filere verilen genel isimdir. \u0130nternet servis sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131, yer sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131, eri\u015fim sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 ve internet sitesi i\u015fletmecileri olarak \u00fc\u00e7e ayr\u0131larak de\u011ferlendirilmektedir. Eri\u015fim sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 ve yer sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 kavramlar\u0131n\u0131ntan\u0131m\u0131 5651 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015e\u00f6yle ki; \u201cEri\u015fim sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131: Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131na internet ortam\u0131na eri\u015fim olana\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flayan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ger\u00e7ek veya t\u00fczel ki\u015fileri, Yer sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131: Hizmet ve i\u00e7erikleri bar\u0131nd\u0131ran sistemleri sa\u011flayan veya i\u015fleten ger\u00e7ek veya t\u00fczel ki\u015fileri, \u2026 ifade eder.\u201d<\/em> Bu tan\u0131mlar\u0131 \u00f6rnek \u00fczerinden a\u00e7\u0131klamak gerekirse; ek\u015fis\u00f6zl\u00fck sitesi belirli yaz\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7erikleri bar\u0131nd\u0131rma hizmeti vermesiyle yer sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 niteli\u011findedir. Bu internet sitesine ba\u011flan\u0131rken kullan\u0131lan internet ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan \u015firket olan Turksat<\/strong> ise eri\u015fim sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 olarak nitelendirilebilir.<\/p>\n

\u0130nternet ortam\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fas\u0131 gere\u011fi i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131, yer sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 ve eri\u015fim sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 gibi kavramlar\u0131n bir arada bulunmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilmektedir. Yani uygulamada bu sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z s\u0131fatlar\u0131n tek bir ki\u015fide birle\u015fti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin youtube platformu, hizmet ve i\u00e7erikleri bar\u0131nd\u0131ran sistem olmas\u0131yla yer sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 konumundad\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda YouTube<\/strong>\u2019un kendi platformu \u00fczerinde kendisine ait \u00f6zel i\u00e7eriklerden payla\u015fmas\u0131 onu i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 haline getirecektir. Bu durumun pratik hukuktaki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorumluluk rejiminin belirlenmesinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6yle ki, i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 ve yer sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 s\u0131fatlar\u0131n\u0131 bir arada bulunduran bir \u015fah\u0131s \u015fartlar\u0131 olu\u015ftu\u011funda her iki sorumluluk rejimi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da sorumlu tutulabilecektir.<\/p>\n<\/div>

II. \u0130\u00e7erik Sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri ve Hukuki Sorumlulu\u011fu<\/h4><\/div>
1. \u0130\u00e7erik Sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri<\/h5><\/div>
a. Temel \u0130lkelere Uygun Davranma Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/h5><\/div>

\u0130nternet Ortam\u0131nda Yap\u0131lan Yay\u0131nlar\u0131n D\u00fczenlenmesine Dair Usul ve Esaslar Hakk\u0131nda Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fin 4. maddesinde belirtildi\u011fi \u00fczere, internet ortam\u0131ndaki yay\u0131nlar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ilkelere uygun olmal\u0131d\u0131r;<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0130nsan onuruna, temel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetlere sayg\u0131l\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  2. Gen\u00e7lerin ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n fiziksel, zihinsel ve ahlak\u00ee geli\u015fimini zedeleyecek t\u00fcrden i\u00e7eriklere yer vermemelidir.<\/li>\n
  3. Ailenin huzur ve refah\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan hususlara zarar verecek nitelikte olmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  4. Ki\u015fileri, uyu\u015fturucu madde ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, fuhu\u015f, m\u00fcstehcenlik ve kumar gibi k\u00f6t\u00fc al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klara te\u015fvik edici olmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Y\u00f6netmelikte yukar\u0131da belirtilen temel yay\u0131n ilkeleri belirlenmekle birlikte, bu ilkelere uyulmamas\u0131 halinde herhangi bir yapt\u0131r\u0131m d\u00fczenlenmemi\u015ftir. Ancak mevzuatta bu ilkelere kar\u015f\u0131 bir yapt\u0131r\u0131m d\u00fczenlenmemi\u015f olmas\u0131, i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n internet ortam\u0131nda bu d\u00fczenlemeye uymama hakk\u0131 oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelmez. \u0130nternet ortam\u0131ndaki b\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ilgili mevzuat h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine uygun hareket etmesi gerekti\u011fi kabul edildi\u011finden, i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 da bu y\u00f6netmelikte belirtilen temel yay\u0131n ilkelerine uygun i\u00e7erik sa\u011flamak y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndedir.<\/p>\n<\/div>

    b. Bilgilendirme Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/h5><\/div>

    5651 say\u0131l\u0131 \u201cInternet Ortam\u0131nda Yap\u0131lan Yay\u0131nlar\u0131n D\u00fczenlenmesi ve Bu Yay\u0131nlar Yoluyla \u0130\u015flenen Su\u00e7larla M\u00fccadele Edilmesi Hakk\u0131nda Kanun\u201d un 3. maddesinde i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u015fu \u015fekilde bilgilendirme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc d\u00fczenlenmektedir:<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u201c\u0130\u00e7erik, yer ve eri\u015fim sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131, y\u00f6netmelikle belirlenen esas ve us\u00fbller \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde tan\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 bilgilerini kendilerine ait internet ortam\u0131nda kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n ula\u015fabilece\u011fi \u015fekilde ve g\u00fcncel olarak bulundurmakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

    5651 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunun sadece sosyal medyay\u0131 kapsamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zetildi\u011finde internet haber siteleri de dahil olmak \u00fczere internet i\u00e7erik, yer ve eri\u015fim sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu bilgileri g\u00fcncel bulundurmamas\u0131 halinde hukuki sorumluluklar\u0131 g\u00fcndeme gelebilecektir. Bu y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn, internet ortam\u0131ndaki i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n bir\u00e7o\u011funun s\u0131radan internet kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011fu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, a\u011f\u0131r bir sorumluluk y\u00fckledi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenebilir. Nitekim, \u00e7o\u011funlukla ger\u00e7ek ki\u015fi niteli\u011findeki i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 verilerini, g\u00fcncel ve aleni bulundurmalar\u0131 ki\u015fisel verilerin korunmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da risk ta\u015f\u0131yabilecektir. Bu durum dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ilgili h\u00fck\u00fcm \u0130nternet Ortam\u0131nda Yap\u0131lan Yay\u0131nlar\u0131n D\u00fczenlenmesine Dair Usul ve Esaslar Hakk\u0131nda Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fin 5. maddesi ile birlikte de\u011ferlendirilerek, sadece ticari ve ekonomik ama\u00e7l\u0131 i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan cari olabilece\u011fi yani alelade internet kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n bu \u015fekilde bir y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kabul\u00fc isabetli g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

    Madde metninin devam\u0131nda ise g\u00fcncel bulundurma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ayk\u0131r\u0131 davran\u0131\u015fa belirli bir yapt\u0131r\u0131m d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. \u015e\u00f6yle ki;<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u201cYukar\u0131daki f\u0131krada belirtilen y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yerine getirmeyen i\u00e7erik, yer veya eri\u015fim sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na Ba\u015fkan taraf\u0131ndan iki bin T\u00fcrk liras\u0131ndan elli bin T\u00fcrk liras\u0131na kadar idar\u00ee para cezas\u0131 verilir.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>

    c. Eri\u015fim Sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 Birli\u011finin Kararlar\u0131n\u0131 Yerine Getirme<\/h5><\/div>

    5651 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunda d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi \u00fczere i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131, birli\u011fin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirli kararlara uymakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck ba\u015fl\u0131ca s\u00f6z konusu kanunun 8\/A ve 9. maddelerinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. \u0130lgili 9. maddenin 8. f\u0131kras\u0131 aynen;<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u201cBirlik taraf\u0131ndan ilgili i\u00e7erik ve yer sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar ile eri\u015fim sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131ya g\u00f6nderilen i\u00e7eri\u011fin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 ve\/veya eri\u015fimin engellenmesi karar\u0131n\u0131n gere\u011fi derh\u00e2l, en ge\u00e7 d\u00f6rt saat i\u00e7inde ilgili i\u00e7erik ve yer sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar ile eri\u015fim sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yerine getirilir.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

    \u015eeklinde d\u00fczenlenmektedir. 8. maddenin A f\u0131kras\u0131 ise, benzer \u015fekilde gecikmesinde sak\u0131nca bulunan hallerde i\u00e7eri\u011fin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 ve eri\u015fimin engellenmesi durumunu d\u00fczenlemektedir. \u0130lgili madde \u015fu \u015fekildedir;<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u201cYa\u015fam hakk\u0131 ile ki\u015filerin can ve mal g\u00fcvenli\u011finin korunmas\u0131, mill\u00ee g\u00fcvenlik ve kamu d\u00fczeninin korunmas\u0131, su\u00e7 i\u015flenmesinin \u00f6nlenmesi veya genel sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n korunmas\u0131 sebeplerinden bir veya bir ka\u00e7\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak h\u00e2kim veya gecikmesinde sak\u0131nca bulunan h\u00e2llerde, Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya mill\u00ee g\u00fcvenlik ve kamu d\u00fczeninin korunmas\u0131, su\u00e7 i\u015flenmesinin \u00f6nlenmesi veya genel sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ile ilgili bakanl\u0131klar\u0131n talebi \u00fczerine Ba\u015fkan taraf\u0131ndan internet ortam\u0131nda yer alan yay\u0131nla ilgili olarak i\u00e7eri\u011fin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 ve\/veya eri\u015fimin engellenmesi karar\u0131 verilebilir. Karar, Ba\u015fkan taraf\u0131ndan derh\u00e2l eri\u015fim sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lara ve ilgili i\u00e7erik ve yer sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lara bildirilir. \u0130\u00e7erik \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmas\u0131 ve\/veya eri\u015fimin engellenmesi karar\u0131n\u0131n gere\u011fi, derh\u00e2l ve en ge\u00e7 karar\u0131n bildirilmesi an\u0131ndan itibaren d\u00f6rt saat i\u00e7inde yerine getirilir.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

    Yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131klanan y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yerine getirmeyen i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 ise 5651 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunda idari para cezas\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Nitekim 9. maddenin 11. f\u0131kras\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekildedir.<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u201cSulh ceza h\u00e2kiminin karar\u0131n\u0131 bu maddede belirtilen \u015fartlara uygun olarak ve s\u00fcresinde yerine getirmeyen i\u00e7erik, yer ve eri\u015fim sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n sorumlular\u0131, be\u015f y\u00fcz g\u00fcnden \u00fc\u00e7 bin g\u00fcne kadar adli para cezas\u0131 ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

    B\u00fct\u00fcn bu a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra yine 5651 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunda d\u00fczenlenen bir hak olarak, internet ortam\u0131nda yap\u0131lan yay\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi nedeniyle ki\u015filik haklar\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fini iddia eden ger\u00e7ek veya t\u00fczel ki\u015fi, ilgili i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na ba\u015fvurarak s\u00f6z konusu yay\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyebilir. \u0130\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n, bu talebi kar\u015f\u0131lamamas\u0131 halinde ise herhangi bir yapt\u0131r\u0131m d\u00fczenlenmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<\/div>

    2. \u0130\u00e7erik Sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Hukuki Sorumlulu\u011fu<\/h5><\/div>
    a. \u0130\u00e7erik Sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Kullan\u0131ma Sundu\u011fu \u0130\u00e7erikten Sorumlulu\u011fu<\/h5><\/div>

    \u0130\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n, kullan\u0131ma sundu\u011fu i\u00e7eriklerden hangi \u015fekilde ve hangi derecede sorumlu tutulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi i\u00e7in 5651 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunda d\u00fczenleme getirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

    5651 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunun i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n sorumlulu\u011fu ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 4. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenmektedir. \u0130lgili d\u00fczenleme aynen;<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \n
      \n

      \u0130\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131, internet ortam\u0131nda kullan\u0131ma sundu\u011fu her t\u00fcrl\u00fc i\u00e7erikten sorumludur.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n

    2. \n
      \n

      \u0130\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131, ba\u011flant\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fkas\u0131na ait i\u00e7erikten sorumlu de\u011fildir. Ancak, sunu\u015f bi\u00e7iminden, ba\u011flant\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7eri\u011fi benimsedi\u011fi ve kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu i\u00e7eri\u011fe ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 ama\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belli ise genel h\u00fck\u00fcmlere g\u00f6re sorumludur.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u015eeklindedir.<\/p>\n

      Kanun koyucu i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan bir sorumluluk rejimi belirlemekle birlikte, bu sorumlulu\u011fun do\u011fmas\u0131 halinde olu\u015facak yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 veya sorumluluk derecesini belirlememi\u015ftir. Bu durumda yasa koyucunun, i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n internet \u00fczerinde i\u015flenen fiillerine ili\u015fkin belirli teredd\u00fctleri ortadan kald\u0131rmak istedi\u011fi ve esas\u0131nda yeni bir sorumluluk rejimi \u00f6ng\u00f6rmedi\u011fi sonucu \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131labilir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n sorumlulu\u011fu tespit edildikten sonra kusur ve tazminat belirlenmesi i\u015flemleri T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019nun genel h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      Bu ba\u011flamda g\u00fcncel uygulamada kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131ca sorumluluk \u015fekilleri \u015fu \u015fekildedir:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Hakaret, tehdit, iftira gibi unsurlar i\u00e7eren i\u00e7eriklerle, ki\u015filerin \u015feref ve haysiyetinin ihlal edilmesinden do\u011fan sorumluluk,<\/li>\n
      • Ki\u015filere ait \u00f6zel nitelikli verilerin hukuk ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak ele ge\u00e7irilmesi, kaydedilmesi veya payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 nedeniyle \u00f6zel hayat\u0131n gizlili\u011fi hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edilmesinden do\u011fan sorumluluk,<\/li>\n
      • Ki\u015finin r\u0131zas\u0131 bulunmaks\u0131z\u0131n onun ad\u0131na sosyal medya hesab\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 veya fake hesap kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 yoluyla ki\u015filik haklar\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edilmesinden do\u011fan sorumluluk,<\/li>\n
      • \u0130\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n ticari reklam niteli\u011finde i\u00e7erikler olu\u015fturmas\u0131 ve bu do\u011frultuda mecra kurulu\u015fu olarak T\u00fcketicinin Korunmas\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Kanun\u2019dan do\u011fan sorumluluk.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>
        b. \u0130\u00e7erik Sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fe Ba\u011flant\u0131 Sa\u011flama Yoluyla Sorumlulu\u011fu<\/h5><\/div>

        5651 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunun 9. Maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda ise bir istisnai alan belirlenerek, ba\u011flant\u0131 sa\u011flanan ba\u015fkas\u0131na ait i\u00e7erik sorumluluk kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131, ba\u011flant\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fkas\u0131na ait i\u00e7eri\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a benimsedi\u011fi ve kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu i\u00e7eri\u011fe ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 ama\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belli ise bu sorumluluktan kurtulamayacak ve birinci f\u0131kra h\u00fckm\u00fc uyar\u0131nca sorumlu tutulacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

        Ba\u011flant\u0131 sa\u011flama yoluyla sorumluluk rejimini, retweet \u00f6rne\u011fi \u00fczerinden anlatmak gerekirse; \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan twitter sosyal platformu \u00fczerinden yap\u0131lan bir payla\u015f\u0131mda, di\u011fer bir ki\u015finin bu tweeti retweet etmesi durumunda bu retweeti ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren ki\u015finin sorumlulu\u011fu, bu retweeti sunu\u015f \u015feklinden bu tweeti a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a benimseyip benimsemedi\u011finin a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirlenebilmesine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

        Bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re, de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in \u00f6ncelikle, retweet fiilinin hangi ama\u00e7la yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespiti gerekmektedir. Retweetin sadece ilgili mesaj\u0131 ar\u015fivlemek veya sadece di\u011fer ki\u015filerin bilgisine sunmak amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde sorumluluk g\u00fcndeme gelmemelidir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n retweetin yap\u0131lmas\u0131nda ki\u015finin iradesi anla\u015f\u0131labiliyorsa, yani ilgili tweetin benimsendi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belli ise, sorumluluk g\u00fcndeme gelebilecektir.<\/p>\n

        Yarg\u0131tay ise bu konudaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc, 18. Ceza Dairesi\u2019nin 16.01.2019 tarihli, karar\u0131 ile a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kararda a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere; hakaret su\u00e7u retweet etmek suretiyle de i\u015flenebilecektir. Dava konusu olayda ma\u011fdura kar\u015f\u0131 hakaret i\u00e7eren tweetin, yine husumetli oldu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan retweet edilmesi fiilinin, retweet etmek suretiyle hakaret su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturabilece\u011fi kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

        Konuyla ilgili olarak, Yarg\u0131tay hukuk dairelerinin emsal nitelikte bir karar\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, Yarg\u0131tay 18. Ceza Dairesi\u2019nin karar\u0131 hukuki sorumluluk rejiminin belirlenmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da dikkate al\u0131nabilir.<\/p>\n<\/div>

        c. \u0130\u00e7erik Sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n S\u00f6zle\u015fmesel Sorumlulu\u011fu<\/h5><\/div>

        \u0130nternet ortam\u0131ndaki b\u00fct\u00fcn i\u00e7erik platformlar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu \u00fczere, bu platformlar \u00f6zelinde ayr\u0131 kullan\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu bak\u0131mdan uygulamada \u0130\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131, internet \u00fczerinde i\u00e7eriklerini kullan\u0131ma sunduklar\u0131, yer sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flanan, internet platformlar\u0131na ili\u015fkin kullan\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmek suretiyle i\u00e7eriklerini olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Genellikle yer sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan, gizlilik, platform y\u00f6nergesi ve veri ilkeleri gibi genel i\u015flem ko\u015fullar\u0131 niteli\u011finde sunulan kullan\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131, i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n sorumlulu\u011funu do\u011furabilecek niteliktedir.<\/p>\n<\/div>

        III. Sonu\u00e7<\/h4><\/div>

        \u0130\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131, 5651 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunda tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, internet ortam\u0131 \u00fczerinde herhangi bir bilgi veya veriyi sa\u011flayan ki\u015fidir. \u0130\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131, tan\u0131mlar\u0131 gere\u011fi di\u011fer internet kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131ndan ayr\u0131\u015fmakta olup farkl\u0131 y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck ve sorumluluk rejimlerine tabi olmaktad\u0131r. Bu bak\u0131mdan i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131, internet ortam\u0131nda sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131 her t\u00fcrl\u00fc i\u00e7erikten kanunen hukuki sorumluluklar\u0131 do\u011fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

        5651 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunda i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n hukuki sorumluluk rejimi genel \u00e7er\u00e7evesiyle \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmakla birlikte kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015faca\u011f\u0131, bu sorumluluk stat\u00fcs\u00fcnden do\u011fan yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar d\u00fczenlenmemi\u015ftir. Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle, i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n internet ortam\u0131nda kullan\u0131ma sundu\u011fu i\u00e7erikten sorumlulu\u011fu ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131 halinde haks\u0131z fiil, haks\u0131z rekabet, s\u00f6zle\u015fmesel sorumluluk vb. h\u00fck\u00fcmlerle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecektir.<\/p>\n

        Hukuki sorumluluk rejimi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan tart\u0131\u015fmalar ba\u011flant\u0131 sa\u011flanan i\u00e7erikten sorumlulu\u011fun d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi, 5651 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunun 4. maddesinin 2. f\u0131kras\u0131nda toplanmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6yle ki; ba\u011flant\u0131 sa\u011flanan i\u00e7eri\u011fe ili\u015fkin sunu\u015f \u015feklinden, i\u00e7eri\u011fin a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a benimsendi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 k\u0131stas\u0131 getirilmi\u015ftir. Bu hususta kanun k\u0131staslar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6stermedi\u011finden doktrinde \u00e7e\u015fitli tart\u0131\u015fmalar mevcuttur. Uygulamada Yarg\u0131tay, retweet yapmak suretiyle ba\u011flant\u0131 sorumlulu\u011funun g\u00fcndeme gelebilece\u011fini kabul etmektedir.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":26290,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[98],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18991","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yayinlar"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0130\u00e7erik Sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Hukuki Sorumlulu\u011fu \u2013 \u0130nternet Hukuku<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0130\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n 5651 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun ve KVKK (Ki\u015fisel Verilerin Korunmas\u0131 Kanunu) kapsam\u0131nda hukuki sorumluluklar\u0131 nelerdir? 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